Copied from:
AlAfghani, MM and Paramita D, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Phasing-Out Regulation in Indonesia, Final Report. All rights reserved.
| Notation |
The name of chemical substances and CAS number |
NAB (Treshold Limit Value) |
PSD /KTD |
Molecular Weight |
Note |
||
|
BDS |
Mg/m 3 |
BDS |
Mg/m 3 |
||||
| * | DDT (50-29-3) |
1; A3 |
354,50 |
Liver damage | |||
| * | Dieldrin (60-57-1) |
0,25;A 4 |
380,93 |
Skin, Liver and Kidney Damage | |||
| * |
Endosulfan, benzoepin 115-29-7 |
0,1;A4 |
406,95 |
Skin, Central nervous disorder, Headache |
|||
| * | Endrin |
72-20- 8 |
380,93 |
Skin, Liver damage | |||
 |
Heksaklorobenze n (118-74-1) |
0,002 |
284,78 |
Porphyrin effect, Skin damage, damage to nervous system |
|||
|
Heptaklor (76-44- 8) and |
0,05;A 3 |
373,32 |
Skin | ||||
|
Heptaklorepoksid a (1024-57-3) |
|
389,40 |
|||||
|
Poliklorodipenil (42% chlorine) 53469-21-9 |
1 |
266.50 |
Liver damage, Upper respiratory tract irritation, Cloracne |
||||
|
Poliklorodipenil (54% chlorine) 11097-69-1 |
0,5 |
328.40 |
Liver damage, Upper respiratory tract irritation, Cloracne |
||||
| Toxaphene |
|
|
Skin, reproduction | ||||
General framework regarding occupational health and safety is regulated under Government Regulation No. 50/2012 on the Implementation of Work, Health and Safety System Management System. It obliges every company to implement the Work, Health and Safety System Management System or known as SMK3 (Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja)191. The obligation applies to companies that are employing minimum 100 workers or having high level of potential danger 192. The SMK3 covers: a) Health, Safety, Environment (HSE) policy stipulation, b) HSE plan, c) HSE performance evaluation and monitor; d) HSE performance improvement and review193.
One of the main regulations, which relates to the PCBs exposure and occupational health is the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation No. 13/MEN/X/2011 regarding Threshold Value of Physic and Chemical in the Work Place. The regulation requires the management (of the company) to control the threshold value of physic and chemical in the work place. The regulation provides detailed threshold value of the physical and chemical factors in the work place. Attachment II of the regulation covers the threshold value several POPs including PCBs as follows:
Note:
- PSD (Paparan SingkatDiperkenankan) means ShortTerm Exposure Limit.It is the level of chemicals in the air in the workplace, which should not be exceeded. Therefore, the workers are exposed to a brief period, not more than 15 minutes, can accept such exposure without havingirritation, tissue damageor sedated. This exposure cannotbe done more than four times in one working day.
- Bagian Dalam Sejuta (BDS) means Part Per Million (ppm). It is concentration of gas or steam from contaminated air
- Kadar Tertinggi Diperkenankan (KTD) means Maximum Allowable Concentration. It means the highest chemical concentration in the workplace that cannot that cannot be surpassed. yang selanjutnya disingkat
- Nilai Ambang Batas(NAB) means TresholdLimit Value. It is a standard of hazard factor in the workplace as a level/time weighted average that a workercan be exposed without health effects in a daily working day not more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours in a week.
- Chemicals that has higher Threshold Limit Value than Permissible Exposure Limit from OSHA or limit suggested by NIOSH
- Identity of chemicals from other sources or proven to be carcinogenic for human
In addition, Minister of Manpower and Transmigration, Decree No. 187/Men/1999 regulates the Management of Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace. The management (of the company) is responsible to manage the hazardous chemicals the workplace. The control of the chemicals can be done through: the provision of MSDS and labelling, and the assignation of safety and health officer and chemical expert. The decree provides detailed information regarding information shouldbe available in MSDS and the label.Attachment III of the Decree provides the lists of threshold limit quantity (Nilai Ambang Kuantitas) of the hazardous chemical. It includes one of POPs but not PCBs as follows:
Name and Threshold Limit Quantity of Hazardous Chemicals
| II. Very Hazardous | ||
| No | Name | Threshold Limit Quantity |
| .. | … | … |
| 92 |
2,3,7,8 –tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) |
1 kilogram |
PCB contaminated oil are flammable. Therefore, it is relevant to identify regulations that relate to the fire prevention at the workplace and urban areas. Some of the regulations are:
- Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999 on Fire Fighting Units in the Workplace. The regulation consists of 6 chapters, 17 articles and 2 attachments. The divisions of the chapters are as follows:
- Chapter I: General provision. The chapter provides explanation regarding the general term and requirements that the employer shall prevent, reduce, extinguish fire and carry out fire prevention training at the workplace194. The duties to prevent, reduce and extinguish fire at the workplace constitutes among other: controlling every form of energy, controlling smoke, heat and gas at the workplaces, forming the fire protection units at the workplaces, performing training and rehearsals on fire prevention periodically, having a plan book regarding fire prevention for emergency situation for a workplace with more than 50 workersand/or workplaces with medium and high fire risk potencies195.
- Chapter II: Formation of fire prevention unit.
- The fire prevention units in general consist of: fire role officials, fire prevention teams, coordination of fire prevention units; work safety and health experts as the technical underwriter196 The chapter is also classifies the fire hazard potency level which consist of: light fire hazard potency level, light medium I fire hazard potency level, light medium II fire hazard potency level, light medium III fire hazard potency level and heavy fire hazard potency level197.
- Chapter III: Duty and the requirement for fire prevention unit. The chapter provides detail provisions regarding duties and requirements of fire role officials, fire prevention teams, coordination of fire prevention units; work safety and health experts198.
- Chapter IV: Supervision. The manpower supervisor (at the company) supervises the implementation of the regulation199.
- Chapter V: Transitional provision. The existing fire prevention unit must be adjusted to the requirements under this regulation maximum one year after the stipulation of Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999 (by the year of 2000)200.
- Chapter VI: Closing provision. The regulation shall take effect on the stipulation date (29 September 1999)201.
- Minister of Public Works Regulation 20/PRT/M/2009. This document regulates fire norm in urban areas (“Fire Regulation”). The Fire Regulation require appropriate documentation in ground plan and site-map, concerning areas where Hazardous Materials are stored. 202 Furthermore, Fire Regulation require Hazardous Materials Safety Plan to be invoked by building management. 203 Chambers or rooms which should not be suppressed by water following a fire incident must be properly documented and communicated to building inspectors and fire officers.204 The Fire Regulation contained detail standard and conditions on the treatment of flammable materials, building designand fire management (“Manajemen ProteksiKebakaran” or “MPK”). Fire Regulation, to the extent applicable, may also require fire drill to be exercised.
--------------------
191 Article 5(1)
192 Article 5(2)
193 Article 6 (1) GR No. 50/2012
194 Article 2 (1) Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
195 Article 2 (2) Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
196 Article 5 Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
197 Article 4(1) Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
198 Article 7 to 10 Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
199 Article 15 Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
200 Article 16 Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
201 Article 17 Regulation No. 186/MEN/1999
202 Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor. 20 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pedoman Teknis Manajemen Proteksi Kebakaran di Perkotaan. See Chapter III, para 1.2 also Chapter 3 Part 6b.
203 ibid. See Chapter IV part 4.3
204 ibid. See attachment 4